What type of patrol actively engages the enemy and also gathers intelligence?

The correct choice for the type of patrol that actively engages the enemy while also gathering intelligence is combat patrols. These operations are specifically designed not only to confront and engage enemy forces but also to collect critical information regarding enemy positions, movements, and capabilities.

Combat patrols combine the elements of direct action and intelligence gathering, enabling units to disrupt enemy activity while simultaneously increasing their situational awareness. This dual purpose makes them a vital component of offensive operations, as they help to pave the way for further strategic moves by providing real-time information on the enemy.

In contrast, reconnaissance patrols primarily focus on gathering information rather than engaging the enemy. Their main goal is to observe and report on the enemy's activities without direct confrontation unless absolutely necessary. Security patrols are tasked with protecting forces and assets from enemy attacks while maintaining a safe perimeter, and defense patrols typically focus on ensuring the security of a specific area or position rather than engaging in offensive actions. Therefore, combat patrols are uniquely suited to fulfill the dual role of engagement and intelligence gathering.